Photographic shutter.



PAFIENTED JUNE 7, 1904.

R. KLEIN. PHOTOGRAPHI-G SHUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED D150. 3, 1900.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

MODEL.

Inve ntor.

Witnesses.

Attorney.

m: moms PETERS co. PHDTO-LITHU., WASNINGTDN, u. q.

PATENTED JUNE 7, 1904.

I R. KLEIN. PHOTOGBAPHIO SHUTTER.

APPLICATION I'ILED DBO 3, 1900.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MODEL.

Witnesses. fi/

Inventcpr.

A fi

y e n r o u A M m: Norms PETERS covv mowmwq. WASHWGTUN, u, c.

PATENTED JUNE '7, 1904..

R. KLEIN.

PHOTOGRAPHIG SHUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED 1330.3, 1900.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

MODEL.

Inventor. LL/(M) v W itnesses.

2 Attorney.

No. 761,771. PATENTED JUNE 7, 1904; R. KLEIN. PHOTOGRAPHIG SHUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 3, 1900. MODEL.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Witnesses.

PATENTED JUNE 7, 1904.

R. KLEIN. PHOTOGRAPHI'G SHUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 3, 1900.

5 SHEETSw-SHEET 5.

MODEL.

li'yzz.

Inventor.

Attorney.

Tu! WIS PEYERS co, mum-c, wAsHmu'ron, n c

N0. 761,771. Patented June 7, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RUDOLPH KLEIN, OF RocHEsTER, NEW YORK, AssIeNOR To THE BAUSCH &

LOMB OPTICAL COMPANY, OE ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORA- TION OF NEWYORK.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 761,771, dated. June*7, 1904,

Application filed December 3, 1900. Serial No. 38,436- (ModeL) T 7/7, "Mit y COW/067": of the operating parts with the shutter held Be it knownthat I, RUDOLPH KLEIN, of the open during the making of a bulb exposure;city of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and Fig. 9, a side elevation;Fig. 10, a perspective State of New York, have invented certain new viewof the end of the master-lever and the 5 and useful Improvements inPhotographic controlling escapement mechanism; Fig. 11,

Shutters; and I do hereby declare the followa view of the operatingparts with the autoing to be full, clear, and exact description of matictime-levers or controlling parts rethe same, reference being had to theaccompamoved; Fig. 12, a sectional view on the line nying drawings,forming a part of this specib 7) of Fig. 1; Fig. 13, a sectional view onthe I iication,and to the reference-numeralsmarked line 0 oof Fig. 1;Fig. 14, a detail view of thereon. one of the plates of the shutter,showing the My present invention has for its object to guides for theshutter-operating pin. provide an improved photographic shutter ca-Similar reference-numerals in the several pable of being set for makingtime, bulb, and figures indicate similar parts. 15 instantaneousexposures and also automatie- While my present invention relates moreally-timed exposures; and it consists of cerparticularly to the devicesfor operating and tainimprovements and combinations of parts,controlling the shutter, and which may be all as will be hereinafterfully described and used in connection with shutters of any de- 5 whichcontribute to the symmetrical appearsired construction, whether ofdiaphragm,

2O ance, economical construction, and ease and sliding, blind, or othertype, I have shown it certainty of operation and regulation to proinconnection with a shutter embodying two duce the desired exposures, orany of them, pivoting wings or plates connected for sithe novel featuresbeing pointed out particumultaneous operation, although 1 do not de- 7larly in the claims at the end of the specificasire to be confined toeither the particular 5 tion. shutter shown or one of the same class, as

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is the invention is capable ofapplication to a front elevation of a shutter embodying my others.invention, the cylinders of the pneumatic op- The main casing of theshutter embodies the 7 5 crating and theregulatingdevicesbeingshowncircular casing or ring frame 1, having the 3 in section; Fig. 2, a Viewof the shutter wings front plate 2, which may be formed with or orplates and their connecting mechanism; separate from the ring frame, andthe back Fig. 3, a view of the shutter with the front plate 3, and theshutters and operating mechcover-plate removed, showing the parts setanism are preferably mounted upon a central 0 for making a timeexposure; Fig. 3, a support orplate 4:, (shown particularly in Fig.

35 sectional view on the line a a of Fig. 3; Fig. 13,) which plate isprovided with a central 3", a view showing a modified form ofoperaperture inline with suitable aperturesformed ating-spring; Fig. 4C,a view similar to Fig. in the front and rear plates, respectively, and 3with the shutter held open during a time which latter plates may, ifdesired, support exposure; Fig. 5, a view similar 'to Fig. 3 theelements or parts of the objective, or the 4 with the parts set formaking an automaticshutter as a whole may in use be located in ally-timed exposure; Fig. 6, a similar view of front or in rear of theobjective. The shutthe parts just before the shutter is permittedterwings or plates (indicated by 5) are pivoted to close when making anautomatically-timed at 6 to the support 4 and are each providedexposure; Fig. 7, a view of the operating parts near their pivots withslots.7, in which oper- 45 when the shutter is set for making a bulbatepins 8, connected totheends of averticallyexposure; Fig. 7, a view ofthe modified movable yoke or plate 9,'pivotally connected form of theoperating-spring; Fig. 8, a view at its upper end to a lever 10, havinga sleeve 11 loosely surrounding the pin or arbor 12, secured to thesupport 4. The lever 10 is provided witlra pin 13, to which is connectedone end of a spiral spring 14, the other end being connected at to amaster lover or member 16, pivoted to a stud 17, the tendency of thespring 14 being to move the lever 10 and the yoke 9 upward to theposition shown in full lines in Fig. 2, and thereby causing the shutterwings or members to overlap the central aperture or axis of the lens.This spring 14 may be connected directly to the pin 13, as shown, oritmay pass around the sleeve 11 of the lever and be connected to a pin 13,as shown in Fig. 7, this latter construction being the one preferred, asit enables the spring to act upon the sleeve and assist in turning thelever on its pivot as the spring contracts.

18 indicates a shouldered latch or pawl pivoted at 19 to the mastermember 16 and having its free end thrown upward or outward by the smallspring 20, so as to press said pawl normally into contact with the pin13, the movement of the pawl on its pivot by the spring being limited bythe cooperation of stops consisting of the pin 21 and the shoulder 22 onthe master member. The master member is normally held in the positionshown in Fig. 3 by a suitable spring which is strong enough to overcomethe force of the spring 14, that actuates the shutter members to closethem, said member-operating spring being either of the form shown inFigs. 3 and 4 and indicated by 23, consisting of a wire coiled aroundthe pivot of the master member and having one free end engaging the pin24 on the member and the other engaging the pin on the plate or support4, or in the form of a spring 23, such as indicated in Fig. 3", whichlast-mentioned spring is coiled around the stationary stud 25 and hasone end operating upon a pin 24 and the other end operating upon a pin25, located upon the pivot of the operating member 26. When theoperating-spring for the master member is of the form shown in Figs. 3and 4, I prefer to operate the operating member 26 by a spring 26", asshown in Figs. 4 and 8.

The operating member 26 is in the form of a curved lever pivoted uponthe stud 25 and having an operating end 27, in the present instanceextending to the exterior of the easing, but which may be operated toset and release the shutter either by hand or through an intermediatelever, if desired, or by means of a pneumatic operating devicehereinafter described. This operating member is provided with a latch orpawl 28, pivoted to it at 29 and operated by a spring 30 against thestop-pin 31, as shown particularly in Fig. 11, and the outer free end ofsaid latch is arranged to cooperate with a stud or pin 32, mounted uponthe free end of the master member 16. The construction and arrangementof this latch relative to the end of the master member are such thatwhen the parts are in operating position the latch is beneath the pin orstud 32, but when the operating member is raised the latch will carry upthe master member until the shoulder of the latch 18 engages the pin 13on the shutter-operating lever, said latch 18 turning upon its pivotduring its up- Ward movement, and when the master member is released bythelatch 28 passingoff the pin 32 (the centers of motion of the levers16 and 26 being different) its spring 23 will throw the outer enddownward and the toggle formed by the member and the pawl 18 will bestraightened, as shown in Figs. 4 and 8, throwing the shutter open, andifthe mastermember is free to move downwardly the stops 21 and 22 on thelatch and member, IOSDOCtlVOlX, will be engaged, and the shoulder of thelatch slipping off the pin 13 will permit the spring actuating the lever10 to close the shutter again. Just before the operating member 26completes its upward movement the end of the latch 28 slips from theprojection 32, as shown in Figs. 6 and 11, so that the master memberwill be free from it and may be controlled by other means for differentkinds of exposures.

The lower rear end of the master member extends downwardly'to the bottomof the easing and is provided with a projection 33, preferably formed byturning the end upwardly, With which projection cooperates the detainingmember 34. The member 34 is composed, preferably, of an integralstructure embodying the arms 35 and 36, the latter having thedownwardly-extended end 37 in the plane of the member 26, but the top ofsaid arm being arranged above the plane of said member. The member 34 ispivoted to the stud or projection 38 and is provided on its side withthe pins 39 and 40, and its extended end is provided with a notch 41.

42 indicates a spring coiled around the pivot of the detaining memberand having one end operating upon the pin 39 to throw the member to theposition shown in Fig. 4, the other end of said spring engaging the pin43 on the operating member 26. The pin or projection 43 upon theoperating member is adapted at certain times to cooperate with the notch41 at the end of the detaining member 34 when time and bulb exposuresare being made, as will be explained.

44 indicates a bridge-plate or support arranged in front of the support4 and secured in any suitable manner, preferably to the posts or studs25 and 251 and also to other studs or supports at the lower end of theeasing, and arranged upon this plate or support 44 and between it andthe outer front plate 2 of the casing is a setting device or member inthe form of a rotary disk or plate 45, shaped as shown in Figs. 3, 5,and 7, provided with a cam-slot 46 and projection 47 and having itsexterior surface substantially round or concentric with the center ofmotion excepting just in front of the projection 47. At the center ofthis plate is an angular projection or journal 48, projecting throughthe front plate 2 and journaled in a recess in the cap or bridge-plate49, secured by screws to the front of the casing, and mounted upon thestud 48 and between the front plate 2 and the cap-plate 49 is a pointeror index 51, having an operating-handle 52 and arranged to cooperatewith a scale 53, located upon a scaleplate 54, as shown in Figs. 1 and12. The exterior surface of the plate 45 and the projection 47 thereonare arranged to cooperate with the pin 40 on the detaining member 34 tooperate and control the position of said member duringzthe making ofbulb, instantaneous and timed instantaneous exposures, the plate orbridge 44 being slotted for the passage of said pin 40, and theeccentric slot 46 of the adjusting-plate 45 is adapted to receive thepin 55, mounted upon one end of a lever 56, pivoted at 57 to the casingand having the slot 58 at the other end, in which operates the pin 59 onthe lever 60, pivoted upon the stud or projection 251. The upper end ofsaid lever 60 is pivoted at 61 to a ,link 62, having the pin 63 on itsend operating in the slot 64, formed in the master member 16, Fig. 11,and also operated through a slot 65, formed in a lover or member 66,pivoted upon the stud 251 and provided with the pin or projection 67 atits lower end adapted to cooperate with the pneumatic braking orcontrolling device. It will be understood that when the setting oradjusting plate 45 is rotated to move the pin 55 toward and from theaxis of the plate 45 the point of connection formed by the pin 63between the master member 16 and the lever 66, connected to the brakingor regulating device, will be changed nearer to or farther from thepivot of the master member, and if the braking deviceaifords a constantresistance to the operation of the master member this change in leverageor point of connection will cause variations in the speed of the mastermember, and thereby vary the speed of operation of the shutter-operatingdevices.

In the present embodiment the braking device consists of a relativelymovable pneumatic cylinder and piston, and the operating member 26 isalso actuated, if desired, by a pneumatic engine of the ordinary or anypreferred variety, and in order to facilitate the construction andsimplify the parts I arrange the operating engine cylinder 7 O and thebrake-cylinder 71 upon the exterior of the casing, the upper ends ofthese cylinders being secured by screws, such as 72, to a curved plate73, fastened by screws 74 or otherwise to the front of the casing, thelower portions of the cylinders being held in position by loops orcurved portions 75 of the index-plate 54, as shown in Figs. 1, 12, and13, said plate 54 bring secured by the screws 76. The lower end-of thecylinder 7 O is provided with a teat or projection 77 for theapplication of a flexible tube leading to an operating-bulb, and in therear side of the cylinder is provided a slot 78, in which operates a:pin 79, secured to the operating member 26, said pin projecting into anannular slot formed in the upper end of the piston 80, operating in thecylinder, so that when air is forced in beneath the piston the operatingmember 26 will be moved upwardly.

The cylinder 71 of the brake device is also provided in its rear sidewitha slot 81 for the passage of the pin 67, entering a slot or annularrecess formed in the piston-rod or portion 82, carrying the piston andlocated in said cylinder. The lower end of the cylinder 71 is closed,and the piston 83 operating therein is fitted thereto, so that a verysmall annular space exists around it, allowing the air between thebottom of the cylinder and piston to escape gradually, so that with thesame pressure upon the piston the rate of descent would be practicallythe same. Inasmuch as the piston must be raised in setting the shutter,itis advisable to provide a valve mechanism which will admit air freelybelow the piston during the upward movement thereof, and II. thereforeprovide the piston with a longitudinal perforation through which extendsto the lower end of the piston a rod, and at the extreme end of said rodis provided a plate or disk 84, between which and the piston is arrangeda small spring 85, the upper portion of the piston-rod 82 being extendedlaterally so as to nearly fill the cylinder to assist in guiding thepiston in its movement and at any rate suffieiently broad to cover theaperture in the piston and operate as a valve which opens when thepiston-rod is moved upwardly and closes when it is moved downwardly, asuitable packing-washer 86 being employed between the parts, if desired,although I [ind in practice that this is not usually necessary. Theoperation of the shutter as a whole will now be readily understood.

Tim 6 amposm'es.\/Vhen it is desired to make a time exposure, the partsare set as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, the index'51 being moved to theposition shown in Fig. 1, carrying the projection 47 upon the disk orplate 45 out of the path of the pin 40 on the detaining member, and thepin 55 being moved so that the connecting-pin 63 between the retardingdevice and the master member is-close to the pivot of the latter. Whennew the operator moves upwardly the operating member 26, either by handor by the engine, the left end of the master member will be carriedupwardly to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4, engaging thepin 13, and when it is released by passing off the end of the latch 32on the operating member said master member is moved downward by itsspring to open the shutter-leaves. During the upward movement of theouter end of the operating member the detaining member is permitted toturn downward to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 41 by theremoval of the pin 43 from its end, so that when the master memberpasses oil the latch and is returned to open the shutter-leaves theprojection 33 will engage and be held by the shoulder at the rear sideof the arm 35, as in dotted lines, Fig. 4, until the operating-arm ismoved down again by its spring, when the pin 43 thereon will operate thedetaining member on its pivot from the position shown in dotted to thatshown in full lines, and the end 33 of the master member will then beengaged with the inclined end ol the arm or stop 35 and the pin 13 onthe operating-lever will be engaged in the slotted end of the detainingmember, thereby preventing the master member from operating the latteron its pivot and holding the shutter open. hen it is desired to closethe shutter, the outer end of the detaining member 26 is movedUpWtltlly, taking the pin 43 out of the slot in the detaining member,(the centers of motion of the parts 26 and 34 being dil'lerent,) and thespring-operated master member operating on the inclined surface of thearm will raise the latter and return to the position shown in Fig. 3,the latch 18 on the end slipping off the pin 13 and permitting theshutter to close. The straight surface of the arm 35 forms orconstitutes a stop which will hold the master member and the inclinedsurface, a stop or surface which will retain it when thedetainingmemberitself is held, but will enable the master member torelease itself by turning the detaining member on its pivot and againstthe tension of the spring 412 when said detaining member is not held.

Bit/b cmpnwws.*VVhen it is desired to make a bulb exposure or one inwhich the shutter is held open while pressure upon the operating memberis maintained,the index or pointer c; 00 is moved over the letter B onthe scale, the disk 15 then being in the position shown in Fig. 7, withthe projection 17 in engagement with the pin 10 on the detaining memberand limiting its movement, so that when the operating member is movedupwardly to operate the master member and cause its engagemcnt with theslmtter-operating device, as before described, the projection 37 on thedetaining member will be broughtin the path of the projection 33 on themaster member when the latter is released from the operating member andwill engage and hold the master member in the position shownin Figs. 8and 10, the pin 43 engaging the upper rear end or tail of thecontrollingmember and preventing the operating-spring 42 from movingsaid end vertically until upon the release of the operating member thelatter is moved downward by its spring and the pin 13 is moved out ofthe path of the end of the detaining member, allowing the spring tothrow the arm 36 downward far enough to release the master member, thepawl of whichmoves oli the pin 13 and allows the shutter to close.

lut/2m //2/"icuU;/ t2 n/ #Z KWPIMIIJ'OY. --lVhen it is desired to causethe shutter to remain open a predetermined length of time, the index 51is moved around in line, say, with the numeral 2, (see Fig. 1,) thismovement bringing the outer concentric surface of the setting device orplate 45 into engagement with the pin 10 on the controlling member andholding the arms of the latter in the position shown in Fig. 5 out 01the path of movement of the master member and the cam-slot in said plate15 operating upon the pin and the connected parts to move the pin 63,connecting the master member and the lever (36, co perating with theretarding or braking device, at the extreme end of the slot 65, as shownin Fig. 5, and at the point farthest removed from the pivot 17. \Vhennow the operating member 26 is moved up,as before, the master memberwill be operated upon its pivot, and at the same time, through theconnections described, the piston ot' the braking or retarding devicewill be moved upward, (air being admitted below the piston by the meansdescribed) and When the operating member has completed its movement themaster member will be released and the speed of its return by itsoperatingspring will be regulated and governed by the escape of airaround the piston in the brakecylinder, and when said master member hasmoved far enough to cause the pawl 18 to release the pin 13 the shutterwill be automatically closed. It will be understood that the length oftime the shutter is to remain open is governed by the distance of thepivotal connection between the lever 66 and the master member from theirpivots, and this point is regulated by the movement of the cam plate ordisk 45.

1 do not desire to be confined to the exact details of constructionshown and described herein, as these may be varied without departingfrom the spirit of my invention. The broad feature of providing a singledetaining member which is operated and controlled by an operating memberis not herein claimed, but forms the subject-matter of a pendingapplication, the present shutter being a different embodiment of theinvention contained in said application.

As far as the construction and operation of the detaining and settingdevices are concerned it is immaterial whether or not the master memberbe connected directly or indirectly with the shutter proper, as it isthe control of the movement of the master member that determines thekind of exposure and, if it is to be timed instantaneous, its duration.

It will be noted that the operating parts of the shutter are soconstructed and arranged that they are, with the exception of thepneumatic cylinders, contained within the circular shutter-casing,thereby presenting a symmetrical appearance.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination with the shutter proper, themaster member cooperating therewith and the operating member having alatch connection with the master member, of a spring-operated detainingmember having two stops for cooperating with the master member, amovable setting member operable positively in'two directions andcooperating with the detaining member to control its position relativelyto the master member.

2. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the master member, ofa detaining member adapted to engage the master member and hold it intwo positions, a spring for operating the detaining member in onedirection and a rotary setting member having the recess, the shoulderand the concentric outer surface, each adapted to be engaged by thedetaining member.

3. Ina photographic shutter, the combination with the master member, ofa detaining member adapted to engage the master member and hold it intwo positions, a spring for operating the detaining member in onedirection, and a rotary setting member operating directly upon thedetaining member to cause it to hold the master member in eitherposition of adjustment or out of the path of the master member.

4:. The combination with the pivoted, spring-operated .master member, ofthe operating member pivoted on a different center from the mastermember and a spring-operated latch pivoted on one of said members andrigid therewith when the member is moved in one direction, adapted toengage the other member and to pass therefrom without the cooperation ofother parts during the movement of the operating memberin one direction,to cause the movement of the master member against the tension of itsspring.

5. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the master member,the operating member cooperating therewith by a latch connection whenmoved in one direction, a detaining-member for engaging the master member holding it in two positions and operated upon by the operatingmember, and a rotary setting member cooperating directly with thedetaining member for adjusting it relatively to the master and operatingmembers.

6. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter, themaster member, a latch connection between the shutter andmember, anoperating member and alatch connection between it and the master member,of a retarding or brake device adjustably connected with the mastermember, a detaining member for engaging the master member and holding itin two positions and adapted to be actuated and controlled by theoperatingmemconnection between the shutter and mastermember, of thepivoted spring-operated detaining member having the two projectionsadapted to separately engage the projection on the master member,setting devices for adjusting the detaining member, the pivotedoperating member cooperating with the detaining member, and pivoted on adifferent center from the master member, a latch connection between theoperating member and the master member rigid with one of the parts whenthe operating member is moved in a direction to actuate andautomatically release the master member and yielding when said membersare operated relatively in the opposite direction.

8. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter properand exposing mechanism, of the pivoted spring-operated detaining memberhaving the separated arms 35 and 36 and the notched arm, the pivotedspring-operated operating member having the projection thereon and meansfor controlling the position of the detaining member.

9. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the pivotedshutter-leaves, the yoke connected to said leaves, the lever connectedto the yoke and the operating-spring, of the pivoted master memberhaving the latch thereon engaging the lever and a spring for operatingthe master member on its pivot.

10. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the pivotedslmtter-leaves, the yoke pivoted to them and the lever connected to theyoke having the projection and an operatingspring for the lever, of thepivoted master member having the spring operated latch theron engagingthe projection on the lever and the cooperating projections or stops between the latch and member for causing the disengagement of the latchand pin when the master member is moved in one direction.

11. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter proper,the spring-operated master member and a pneumatic retarding device, ofthe detaining member having projections adapted to separately engage themaster member, the rotary setting member 00- operating with thedetaining member to cause the engagement of either projection with themaster member and having also the cam and connections between said camand the master member and retarding device for varying the relativepivotal relations of the latter.

12. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter proper,the spring-operated master member, a detaining member having separateprojections for holding the masand the master member.

13. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter proper,the spring-operated master member, a detaining member cooperating withthe master member, a retarding device and adjustable connections betweenit and the master member, of the setttingdisk having the projection andcooperating with the detaining member and the cam-groove controlling theposition of the adjustable connections between the retarding device andmaster member to vary the movement of the latter.

14. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the master memberand the pivoted detaining member having the two projections engaging theformer, and the pin thereon, of the retarding device, adjustableconnections between the retarding device and master member, the levercontrolling said connections and having the pin and the rotary settingmember having the concentric surface, the recess, the projectionengaging the pin on the detaining member and the slot engaging the pinon the lever.

15. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the spring-operatedmaster member, the spring-operated operating member, the latchconnection between them, and the springoperated detaining member havingtwo stops for engaging the master member and operated upon by theoperating member, of a retarding device, variable connections between itand the master member embodying a lever having an operating projection,and a rotary setting member having the concentric portion, theprojection controlling the detaining member and the cam-slot engagingthe projection on the lever.

16. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the master member,and the operating member, of the detaining member having the arms 35 and36 adapted to engage the master member, the rear end adapted to engagethe operating member and the pin 40, and the setting member adapted tocooperate with the pin 40 and having the projection 47 and, the slot.

17. In a photographic sh utter, the combination with the slottedmaster-lever, the retarding device and the slotted lever connectedthereto, of the link having the pin operating in said slotted lever, thelever connected to the link, the lever 56 having the pin 55 and therotary setting-disk having the cam-slot cooperating with the pin.

18. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the casing having thecentral aperture, the master-lever pivoted on one side of the aperture,the lever pivoted on the other side of the aperture and lapping themasterlever, a retarding device connected to the latter and adjustableand variable connections between the two levers movable toward the pivotof one and from the pivot of the other to vary the amplitude of movementof the retarding device.

19. The combination with the shutter proper, the master membercooperating therewith and having the projection thereon, ol? thespring-operated detaining member having the arm inclined at the end, thearm 36 having the projection 37 and the slotted end, and the pivotedlever 26 having the pin 43 thereon.

20. The combination with the master member, the detaining devicescoiiperating with the master member and a retarding device also co'3perating with the latter, of a setting device controlling thedetaining and retarding devices consisting of the dislc having theirregular arbor, the pointer thereon and the cap-plate cooperating withthe journal.

21. In a shutter, the combination with the front plate having theaperture, the settingplate having the arbor extending through theaperture, the pointer on the arbor and the cap-plate extending over theend of the arbor and confining the pointer thereon.

22. Ina photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter proper,and operating devices therefor, of a retarding device for the operatingdevices embodying a closed cylinder, a piston operating therein and avalve in the piston for permitting the free outward movement of thepiston in the cylinder.

23. In a photographicshutter, the combination with a shutter proper andoperating devices therefor, ot' retarding devices embodying a cylinderclosed at one end, a piston operating therein, a piston-rod connected tothe shutter devices and a mlve operated by the piston-rod to permit thefree movement of the piston in one direction.

24. In a photographic shutter, the combination witha shutter proper anda movable member for controlling its movements, of a retarding deviceembodying a piston having a valve therein operating in a closedcylinder, said valve opening to admit air beneath the piston when thelatter is moved outwardly and adjustable connections between said pistonand the movable member.

25. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the shutter, of aretarding device or brake For regulating its speed embodying a closedcylinder, a piston operating therein, a valve in the piston andconnections between the shutter and the valve whereby the latter isopened to admit air beneath the piston when the latter is movedoutwardly.

26. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter properand the master TOO ITO

member controlling it, of a retarding device for the master member embodyin g a cylinder, a piston operating therein having a valve, and a rodconnected to the member and operating the valve to admit air beneath thepiston when the member is operated outwardly.

27. In a photographic shutter the combination with a shutter andoperating devices therefor, of a retarding device therefor forregulating the operation thereof embodying the closed cylinder, thepiston having the aperture, the valve for closing the aperture and thepiston-rod connected to the valve and operated by the shutter-operatingdevices to move the piston in the cylinder.

28. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter properand the member connected thereto for controlling its movement, of thepiston having the aperture, the

piston-rod having the valve closing the outer end of the aperture, thespring engaging the rod and piston and the cylinder closed at one end inwhich the piston operates.

29. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing havingthe slots therein and operating devices arranged in the casing, of thetwo pneumatic cylinders having pistons operating therein connected tothe operating devices in the casing and detachable securing devices forholding the cylinders upon the outer sides of the casing.

30. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the casing andshutter-operating devices arranged within it, of the two cylinderslocated upon the exterior of the casing, pistons therein connected withthe shutter-operating devices and the plate connecting the cylinders anddetachably connected to the exterior of the casing.

31. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing andshutter-operating devices arranged within it, of the two cylinderslocated on the exterior of the casing, pistons therein connected to theshutter-operating devices, the plate connected to the cylinders and tothe casing and a plate secured to the easing embracing the cylinders andhaving the scale thereon, and a movable index controlling the shutterdevices and cooperating with the scale-plate.

32. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the shutter proper,of a member or part moving with the shutter to make an exposure, and apivoted detaining member having two arms, one provided with a shoulderand an incline thereon and the other arm provided with a lug orshoulder, either of said arms being adapted to cooperate separately withthe member to control the operation, substantially as described.

33. A photographic shutter comprising a pivotal spring-actuatedmasterlcver, an actuating-lever for the master-lever, a pair of closingblades and an exposure-lever for controlling them, the exposure-leverand the masadapted to shift as to area during the move' ments of saidlevers, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

35. In a photographic shutter a pair of closing blades, a master-leveradapted to turn either way upon its bearing, an exposure-lever forcontrolling the closing blades,the master-lever being adapted to movethe exposurelever when turning in one direction and to pass withoutmoving it when turning it in the other direction, and means foractuating the master-lever, said master-lever and actuatinglever beingeccentrically pivoted to form a shiftable bearing between them,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

36. In combination with the exposure mechanism of a photographicshutter, a master-1e ver for operating the exposure mechanism and anactuating-lever for the master-lever, a spring-controlled sway-armadapted to be engaged by the actuating-lever and to engage themaster-lever, said sway-arm being held pivotall y independent of thelever mechanism, and. means for operating the actuating-lever,substantially as shown and described.

37, In combination with the exposure mechanism of a photographicshutter, a master-lever for operating the exposure mechanism and anactuating-lever for the master-lever, a spring-controlled sway-armadapted to be engaged by the actuating-lever and to engage themaster-lever. the engagement of the sw ay-arm by the actuating-lever andof the master-lever by the sway-arm being alternated, substantiall y asshown and described.

38. In combination with the exposure mechanism of a photographicshutter, a master-lever for operating the cxposu re mechanism and anactuating-lever for the master-lever, a spring-eontrolled sway-armadapted to be engaged by the actuating-lever and to engage themaster-lever, the actuating-lever causing the sway-arm to move twiceduring the operation of making an exposure, with interval be tween, andthe action of the sway-arm upon the master-lever being between said twomovements of the sway-arm, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

39. In combination with the exposure mechanism of a photographicshutter, a master-lever for operating the exposure mechanism and anactuating-lever for the master-lever adapted to move the lattertemporarily and release it, and a spring-pressed sway-arm controlled bythe actuating-lever adapted to engage and detain the master-lever afterreleased by the actuating-lever, and means for operating theactuating-lever, substantially as shown and described.

40. In combination with the exposure mechanism of a photographicshutter, a master-lever and an actuating-lever to move the master-lever,a sway-arm having a projection to engage the master-lever, a spring tocontrol the sway-arm, the actuating-lever being ad apted to move thesway-arm against the action of the spring to disengage the master-lever,substantially as shown and described.

41. In combination with the exposuremechanism of a photographic shutter.a master-lever and an actuating-lever to move the mas ter-lever, asway-arm having a projection to engage the master-lever, a spring tocontrol the sway-arm, the actuatinglever being adapted to move thesway-arm against the action of the spring to disengage the master-lever,

the actions of the actuating-lever upon thev sway-arms being alternated,substantially as set forth.

4E2. In combination withthe exposuremechanism of a photographic shutter,a master-lever, and an actuating-lever adapted to move either way uponits bearing, a sway-arm having a projection to engage the master-lever,and a spring to control the sway-arm, the actuating-lever being adaptedto move the master-lever while turning in one direction and to move thesway-arm while turning in the opposite direction, substantially as setforth.

43. A photographic slmtter comprising a master-lever and anactuating-lever to control the master-lever, a pair of closing bladesand an exposure-lever for controlling the closing blades, and a sway-armadapted to control the master-lever, the latter being intermediatebetween said sway-arm and the exposure-lever and simultaneously engagingboth, and means for operating the actuating-lever, substantially asspecified.

44:. In combination with the exposure mechanism of a photographicshutter, a master-lever and an actuating-lever for engaging and movingthe master-lever, both of said levers being eccentrically pivoted ondifferent pivots, the bearing between said levers being adapted to ceaseor terminate while moving substantially as described and shown.

&5. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the case andexposing mechanism, of a motor device for operating the exposingmechanism, an operating member for moving said motor device intooperative position and operative independent thereof after suchmovement, a member operative by said operating-lever, having a catchadapted to be thrown into engagement with the motor device during theinitial movement of said operatinglever,a spring for actuating saidcatchcarrying member, and a catch carried by the said member adapted toengage and detain the motor device upon the return movement of saidmember, whereby the motor device is adapted to be released by a secondoperation of the operating-lever.

46. Ina photographic shutter, the combination with the case and exposingmechanism, of a motor device for operating the exposing mechanism, anoperating-lever for moving said motor device into operative position andoperative independent thereof after such movement, a catch-leveroperative by said operating-lever, a catch carried by said catch-lever,and means for controlling said catch whereby to throw the same into andout of cooperative position.

&7. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the case andexposing mechanism, of a motor device for operating the exposingmechanism, an operating member for moving said motor device intoposition for return action and operative independent thereot' after suchmovement, a lever operated by said operating member and carrying aprimary and a secondary catch, a controlling member for said catchesadapted to set the shutter for instantaneous, time and bulb exposures.

48. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the exposingmechanism, of an oscillating motor device, having an opcrating't'aceterminating in an offset whereby to actuate the exposing mechanism toopen the shutter and permit the instantaneous closing of the shutter,and a main operatingmember having an automatically-releasable connectionwith the motor device.

49. In a photographic shutter the combination with the case and exposingmechanism, of a motor device for operating the exposing mechanism, anoperating member for moving said motor device into operative positionand operative independently thereof after such movement, acatch-carrying member operative by said operating-lever, having a catchadapted to be thrown into engagement with the motor device during theinitial movement of said ormrating-lever, a spring for operating saidcatch-carrying member and a catch carried by said member adapted toengage and detain the motor device upon the movement of the said memberin one direction whereby the motor device is adapted to be released byasceond operation of the operating-lever.

50. In combination with the exposure mechanism of a photographicshutter, a pivoted master-lever and a pivoted actuating-lever to engageand move the master-lever, said levers being pivoted on differentcenters and the bearingot the actuating-lever upon the master-leverbeing adapted to shift as to area during the movements of said levers.

51. In a photographic shutter the combination with a movable mastermember of a pivoted detaining member having two arms thereon betweenwhich the master member moves when making time exposures and adapted toengage the master member, one of said arms having a detaining-shoulderon the inner side and theincline adjacent thereto and the other armhaving a projection also adapted to engage the master member, means foradjusting the detaining member, and means for moving it to release themaster member.

52. In a photographic shutter the combination with the exposingmechanism of an oscillatory'motor device having an operating portionterminating in an offset whereby to actuate the exposing mechanism toopen the shutter and permit its instantaneous closing and a mainoperating member having an automatically-releasable connection with themotor device by a continued movement in one direction and withoutcooperation with other parts.

53. The combination with the shutter-casing having the aperture, theshutter proper, of the pivoted master member 16 having the latch 18cooperating with the shutter and the projection 32 at one end and theprojection 33 at the other, the operating-lever 26 having the latch 28therein rigid with the lever when operated in one direction and yieldingwhen they are moved in the opposite direction, the detaining memberhaving two stops adapted to engage the projection 33 and cooperatingwith the operating-lever and devices for adjusting the detaining member.

54. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the case andexposing mechanism, of a motor device, means for moving said deviceagainst its motive action, and means for arresting said. motive actionto hold the shutter set for operation, a retarding device, a camcarryingmeans for throwing said arresting means into and out of action, a camfor controlling the retarding device, and setting means for operatingsaid cams successively in its movement back and forth.

RUDOLPH KLEIN.

WVitnesses:

Gr. WILLARD Rron, WALTER B. PAYNE.

